The University of Michigan’s Art and Architecture Building, home of the Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning and the Stamps School of Art & Design, has a distinguished lineage. Eliel Saarinen’s grandson, Robert Saarinen Swanson, designed the flat-roofed, low-slung brick courtyard complex in 1974 for a site on Ann Arbor’s leafy North Campus, for which Eero Saarinen had devised an early master plan in the 1950s.
The college recently added another landmark to this legacy with the September opening of the A. Alfred Taubman Wing, designed by Cambridge, Massachusetts–based firm Preston Scott Cohen, Inc. (PSC), in collaboration with Integrated Design Solutions (IDS) of Troy, Michigan, as architect of record. The project includes 36,000 square feet of new construction and 11,000 square feet of renovation, at a total cost of $28.5 million. Highlights of the new facility include a 5,700-square-foot double-height commons and a 5,500-square-foot studio.
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The combination of two academic institutions under one roof can cause identity problems. Stamps occupied the frontage along Bonisteel Boulevard and concealed Taubman behind a courtyard, depriving it not only of a direct link to a major campus artery but also of visibility. The new linear wing stretches diagonally to connect Taubman to the street, where it now enjoys a prominent presence. The challenge was to make this appendage, which is off to one side, function as the nexus of circulation for students and faculty. “The goal was to make a center within an edge building,” says design principal Scott Cohen.
At one end, the attenuated addition connects to the original structure via a glass-enclosed bridge tucked beneath an existing cantilever. At the other, it provides a new entrance facing Bonisteel. The acute angle of its placement, however, creates a forced perspective, which funnels people in and gives them the option of using another entrance in a courtyard between new and old. In plan, PSC’s building is a rectangle that splits open to wrap around the new hexagonal commons, which is raised up one level on pilotis to fulfill a requirement that the space below remain open to views of a nearby valley and retention pond. It serves as an outdoor gallery and—less artistically but nonetheless usefully—covered bicycle parking.
Cohen has made his reputation with schemes composed of complex geometries, as seen in the Tel Aviv Museum of Art. But here he wisely decided that both site and budget called for something more modest. Despite these constraints, he has created a bold form with a striking silhouette, sheathed in purplish dark gray semigloss ironspot brick in a pattern that mixes running bond with soldier coursing. Its repetitive sawtooth roof profile articulates a series of skylights, and windows vary in size and shape to signal the scale of the spaces behind them.
The commons is the school’s new hub, intended to bring faculty and students of both architecture and planning together for casual socializing, collaboration, conferences, and final reviews. It’s a dynamic, skylit vertical space encircled by ramps and stairs that lead to studios, lounges, and faculty offices, along with meeting and reading rooms. “The entire sequence,” explains Cohen, “is experienced as a promenade with landings that subtly define social groupings, all with access to natural light and ventilation.” “Everything wraps and shapes it, and it’s full of life,” says the new dean, Jonathan Massey, with evident pride and pleasure. “It’s like an opera house.”
On the third floor, overlooking the commons, is the spacious undergraduate studio, also skylit. “Being up there is like being in a big attic,” says the architect. The room exemplifies his interest in—and skilled hand at—mixing architectural idioms. “The studio combines the loftlike lighting and spatial proportions of a gallery with a midwestern factorylike workspace,” Cohen explains. Generous tall windows provide views in multiple directions. But graduate students should not feel left out: new faculty offices have transformed their old studio by wrapping its perimeter in an elegantly detailed layer of aluminum and glass, and one of its corners has been cut away to provide dramatic views into the commons.
Interior finishes are basic: polished concrete floors and lots of white paint. But the overall effect is incandescent, thanks to skillfully manipulated natural illumination. “The warm color temperature of reflected southern light is the most distinguishing characteristic of the new building,” says Cohen. Contrary to custom, the north faces of the roof’s sawteeth are opaque, and the skylights face south, but sawtooth widths and roof slopes determined by solar analysis and algorithmic modeling prevent sunlight from striking desktops directly. Heat gain is controlled well enough for LEED Gold certification.
Intelligently conceived and artfully lit spatial sequences may be nice, but the ultimate test is how well these new facilities serve the students and faculty who use them. Cohen’s design gets high marks from both. “A lot of schools claim to have integrated architecture and planning curricula,” says professor Richard K. Norton, “but with the collaboration made possible by our new quarters, we really have.” Students seem happy too. “We love all the light,” say several undergraduates of their new studio, though some acknowledge that glare from the big windows is a problem. The commons is an unqualified hit. “You can always be a part of what’s happening,” says one enthusiastic graduate student, “no matter what level you’re on.”
